For the last couple of days, I had a VM sitting on an LVM volume with bad sectors.  Here’s how you find out what LVM volume is causing the problem so that you can migrate off of it.  Firstly, we want to look at the dmesg output to find out what LBA is bad:

[1381493.960771] Buffer I/O error on device sda5, logical block 380731029
[1381493.960771] Buffer I/O error on device sda5, logical block 380731030

This means the bad LBA is 380731029. so, we need to determine the partition offset next. To do this, we do the following:

# sfdisk -luS /dev/sda

Disk /dev/sda: 1430807 cylinders, 64 heads, 32 sectors/track
Warning: extended partition does not start at a cylinder boundary.
DOS and Linux will interpret the contents differently.
Warning: The partition table looks like it was made
  for C/H/S=*/255/63 (instead of 1430807/64/32).
For this listing I'll assume that geometry.
Units = sectors of 512 bytes, counting from 0

   Device Boot    Start       End   #sectors  Id  System
/dev/sda1            63  19535039   19534977  83  Linux
/dev/sda2      19535040  21494969    1959930  82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3      21494970 2930288129 2908793160   5  Extended
/dev/sda4             0         -          0   0  Empty
/dev/sda5      21495033 1475891549 1454396517  8e  Linux LVM
/dev/sda6     1475891613 2930288129 1454396517  8e  Linux LVM

We subtract 21495033 from 380731029 to yield 359235995.  Next, we determine the extent size in kilobytes:

# pvdisplay /dev/sda5
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda5
  VG Name               aurora-1
  PV Size               693.51 GB / not usable 2.55 MB
  Allocatable           yes
  PE Size (KByte)       4096 <-- 4096KB.
  Total PE              177538
  Free PE               2114
  Allocated PE          175424
  PV UUID               mz2kUU-h19J-CpBc-Q0lX-Spq7-D3hg-qoexGa

A kilobyte is 1024 bytes.  An LBA block is 512 bytes.  So we multiply 4096 by 2 (8192), and divide 359235995 by 8192 giving us 43852, which is the extent number on the physical volume.  The next step is obvious, read through /etc/lvm/backup/vgname until you find a volume that extent 43852 falls between!  Then recover the data off of that volume and stop using it (or maybe try badblock recovery or something).